Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 – Biotechnology and its Applications Study Material PDF Download | English & Tamil Medium | NEET 2027 Preparation | NEET Biology Tamil

Download Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications Notes PDF in English & Tamil Medium for NEET 2027. NCERT based notes, PYQs, MCQs & solutions.

Introduction

Welcome to NEET Biology Tamil – your free learning platform for NEET, CBSE, and Tamil Nadu State Board Biology preparation.

In this post students can download Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 – Biotechnology and its Applications study materials in both English Medium and Tamil Medium.

These materials are useful for NEET 2027 aspirants, CBSE students, and Tamil Nadu State Board students.

📚 Chapter Name

English:
Class 12 Biology Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Applications

Tamil:
வகுப்பு 12 உயிரியல் பாடம் 12 : உயிரித் தொழில்நுட்பம் மற்றும் அதன் பயன்பாடுகள்

📌 Available Study Materials

✅ Complete Chapter Notes – English Medium
✅ முழுமையான குறிப்புகள் – தமிழ் வழி
✅ NCERT Based NEET Notes
✅ Important Definitions
✅ Important Diagrams
✅ Important Tables
✅ Mind Maps / Short Notes
✅ Previous Year NEET Questions
✅ Chapter Wise Practice MCQs
✅ Answer Key with Detailed Solutions

About Chapter – Biotechnology and its Applications

This chapter explains how biotechnology is applied in medicine, agriculture and environmental management. It includes genetically modified crops, therapeutic products and molecular diagnostic techniques.

Important concepts covered:

🔹 Biotechnological applications in agriculture
🔹 Genetically Modified (GM) Crops
🔹 Bt Cotton
🔹 RNA Interference (RNAi)
🔹 Biotechnological applications in medicine
🔹 Recombinant Human Insulin
🔹 Gene Therapy
🔹 Molecular Diagnosis (PCR, ELISA)
🔹 Transgenic Animals
🔹 Ethical Issues in Biotechnology

Important scientists:

🔬 Herbert Boyer – Recombinant DNA Technology
🔬 Stanley Cohen – Recombinant DNA Technology
🔬 Kary Mullis – Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Important examples:

✔ Bt Cotton
✔ Agrobacterium tumefaciens
✔ Human Insulin (Humulin)
✔ ADA Deficiency Gene Therapy
✔ PCR
✔ ELISA

This chapter is highly important because NEET asks several direct NCERT-based questions from GM crops, recombinant insulin, PCR and gene therapy.

🔥 NEET 2027 Importance of This Chapter

Biotechnology and its Applications is a high-weightage chapter in NEET Biology.

Previous Year NEET Question Trend:

NEET 2022 – 5 Questions

NEET 2023 – 5 Questions

NEET 2024 – 6 Questions

NEET 2025 – 5 Questions

NEET 2026 – 5 Questions

Students should revise NCERT examples, applications of biotechnology and molecular diagnostic techniques thoroughly.

⭐ Important NEET 2027 Topics From This Chapter

⭐ Bt Cotton
⭐ Cry Genes
⭐ RNA Interference (RNAi)
⭐ Recombinant Human Insulin
⭐ Gene Therapy (ADA Deficiency)
⭐ PCR in Disease Diagnosis
⭐ ELISA Test
⭐ Transgenic Animals
⭐ Biopiracy
⭐ Bioethics

📥 Download Study Material PDF

📘 Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications Notes – English Medium PDF

👇 Download Here

📗 வகுப்பு 12 உயிரியல் பாடம் 12 உயிரித் தொழில்நுட்பம் மற்றும் அதன் பயன்பாடுகள் குறிப்புகள் – Tamil Medium PDF

👇 Download Here

📝 NEET Previous Year Solved Questions (with Exam Name & Year)

Question 1 (NEET 2026)

Bt cotton provides resistance against:

(A) Fungi

(B) Bollworms

(D) Nematodes

Question 2 (NEET 2025)

The Bt toxin gene used in transgenic plants is obtained from:

(A) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

(B) Bacillus thuringiensis

(D) Escherichia coli

Question 3 (NEET 2025)

Human insulin produced by recombinant DNA technology is known as:

(A) Penicillin

(B) Humulin

(D) Interferon

Question 4 (NEET 2024)

PCR is mainly used for:

(A) Protein synthesis

(B) DNA amplification

(D) Cell division

Question 5 (NEET 2024)

ELISA is commonly used for the detection of:

(A) DNA only

(B) Antigen–Antibody reactions

(D) Cholesterol

Question 6 (NEET 2023)

Gene therapy for ADA deficiency aims to:

(A) Destroy bacteria

(B) Replace or correct the defective gene

(D) Produce antibodies

Question 7 (NEET 2023)

The Cry proteins are toxic to:

(A) Human cells

(B) Insect larvae

(D) Fungal spores

Question 8 (NEET 2022)

RNA interference (RNAi) is used to:

(A) Increase photosynthesis

(B) Silence specific genes

(D) Produce antibiotics

Question 9 (NEET 2022)

Transgenic animals are produced to:

(A) Increase pollution

(B) Study gene function and produce useful products

(D) Eliminate biodiversity

Question 10 (NEET 2022)

Biopiracy refers to:

(A) Illegal use of biological resources without permission

(B) Cloning of plants

(D) Artificial pollination

✅ Answer Key + Detailed Solutions

1. Answer: B – Bollworms

Explanation: Bt cotton contains Cry proteins that protect the crop from bollworm infestation.

2. Answer: B – Bacillus thuringiensis

Explanation: Cry genes are isolated from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis.

3. Answer: B – Humulin

Explanation: Humulin is recombinant human insulin produced using genetic engineering.

4. Answer: B – DNA amplification

Explanation: PCR rapidly amplifies specific DNA segments for diagnosis and research.

5. Answer: B – Antigen–Antibody reactions

Explanation: ELISA detects antigens or antibodies based on specific immune reactions.

6. Answer: B – Replace or correct the defective gene

Explanation: Gene therapy treats genetic disorders by introducing a functional gene.

7. Answer: B – Insect larvae

Explanation: Activated Cry proteins damage the gut of susceptible insect larvae.

8. Answer: B – Silence specific genes

Explanation: RNA interference suppresses the expression of target genes.

9. Answer: B – Study gene function and produce useful products

Explanation: Transgenic animals are used in research, disease studies and pharmaceutical production.

10. Answer: A – Illegal use of biological resources without permission

Explanation: Biopiracy involves unauthorized commercial exploitation of biological resources and traditional knowledge.

📚 More Free Biology Materials Available

📌 Class 11 Biology Notes

📌 Class 12 Biology Notes

📌 NEET Previous Year Question Papers

📌 Chapter Wise Tests

📌 Mock Test Series PDF

📌 Answer Key & Solutions

📌 Online Test Links

📌 Doubt Support Forms

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Motivation

"Dreams become reality only when your daily habits support your goals."

📖 ஆக்கம் இழந்தேமென்று அல்லாவார் ஊக்கம்
ஒருவந்தம் கைத்துடை யார்.

Meaning: Those who possess determination never lose hope; persistent effort always creates new opportunities.

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